The fructose survival hypothesis as a mechanism for unifying the various obesity hypotheses

Abstract

The pathogenesis of obesity remains contested. Although genetics is important, the rapid rise in obesity with Western culture and diet suggests an environmental component. Today, some of the major hypotheses for obesity include the energy balance hypothesis, the carbohydrate-insulin model, the protein-leverage hypothesis, and the seed oil hypothesis. Each hypothesis has its own support, creating controversy over their respective roles in driving obesity. Here we propose that all hypotheses are largely correct and can be unified by another dietary hypothesis, the fructose survival hypothesis. Fructose is unique in resetting ATP levels to a lower level in the cell as a consequence of suppressing mitochondrial function, while blocking the replacement of ATP from fat. The low intracellular ATP levels result in carbohydrate-dependent hunger, impaired satiety (leptin resistance), and metabolic effects that result in the increased intake of energy-dense fats. This hypothesis emphasizes the unique role of carbohydrates in stimulating intake while fat provides the main source of energy. Thus, obesity is a disorder of energy metabolism, in which there is low usable energy (ATP) in the setting of elevated total energy. This leads to metabolic effects independent of excess energy while the excess energy drives weight gain.

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Sidney Powell pleads GUILTY in Georgia election case: Donald Trump’s ‘Kraken’ lawyer in plea deal talks — so will she turn?

Sidney Powell, one of Donald Trump‘s former lawyers, has suddenly pleaded guilty to conspiring to overturn the results of the 2020 U.S. presidential election.

The so-called ‘Kraken’ lawyer, 68, admitted six criminal counts and avoided jail as she was sentenced to six years probation during a surprise appearance at the Fulton County court in Georgia on Thursday. 

In a potentially devastating blow to Trump she agreed to testify truthfully against her co-defendants – including the former president – at future trials. 

…Powell becomes the second of the defendants in the sprawling case to reach a deal with prosecutors, following bail bondsman Scott Hall, who played a less prominent role.

She entered her plea just a day before jury selection was set to start in her trial.

Her attorneys had strenuously denied prosecutors’ claims during early hearings and insisted they had evidence she was not a ‘driving force’ in the alleged conspiracy. 

Continue reading “Sidney Powell pleads GUILTY in Georgia election case: Donald Trump’s ‘Kraken’ lawyer in plea deal talks — so will she turn?”

Intending to Fracture Growing Black Support for Trump – Robert Kennedy Jr Announces Support for Reparations

The intent of the RFK Jr. independent campaign, as an operation to support Biden and hurt Donald Trump, becomes even more obvious when you look at the recent Marist Polling [SEE HERE].

  • In a three-way contest with Robert F. Kennedy Jr. running as an independent, Biden opens up a 7-point lead over Trump. 44% of registered voters support Biden. 37% back Trump, and 16% are for Kennedy.
  • With Kennedy in the race, Biden’s support dips 5 percentage points among Democrats while Trump loses 10 points among Republicans.

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As noted, since before he officially made the change, this outcome is by design.  RFK Jr. is running as an independent for one specific purpose – block Trump.  That’s it folks.

That’s also the reason why RFK Jr. fired his campaign manager, Dennis Kucinich, and replaced him with his daughter-in-law, a former CIA operative.

{…] “Mr. Kennedy’s new campaign manager is Amaryllis Fox Kennedy, a former C.I.A. agent, memoirist and documentarian who in 2018 married Mr. Kennedy’s son, Robert F. Kennedy III.” (link)  Those who do not accept things as they are, are doomed to be victims of the ‘six-ways to Sunday’ group.

Keeping in direct alignment with the agenda, Robert Kennedy Jr. announced a rather radical proposal today, he is now in favor of reparations for black Americans.  The transparent intent?  Cut down the growing block of Trump supporters within the black community.

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Yes, he looked good maybe. This all but proves he is not. ABN

The US is ramping up firepower in the Middle East

The United States is amassing a war machine in the Middle East as Israel prepares to launch a ground invasion into Gaza

Two aircraft carriers including the world’s largest – the USS Gerald R. Ford – have been sent to the eastern Mediterranean, along with scores of planes that could carry out air strikes.

Many more aircraft, including F-15 and F-16 fighter jet squadrons, have been dispatched to US military bases in the region, doubling the number available in the Persian Gulf.

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Scientists propose sweeping new law of nature, expanding on evolution

…Titled the “law of increasing functional information,” it holds that evolving systems, biological and non-biological, always form from numerous interacting building blocks like atoms or cells, and that processes exist – such as cellular mutation – that generate many different configurations. Evolution occurs, it holds, when these various configurations are subject to selection for useful functions.

“We have well-documented laws that describe such everyday phenomena as forces, motions, gravity, electricity and magnetism and energy,” Hazen said. “But these laws do not, individually or collectively, describe or explain why the universe keeps getting more diverse and complex at scales of atoms, molecules, minerals and more.”

In stars, for instance, just two elements – hydrogen and helium – were the main ingredients in the first stellar generation following the Big Bang about 13.8 billion years ago that initiated the universe.

That first generation of stars, in the thermonuclear fusion caldrons at their cores, forged about 20 heavier elements such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen that were blasted into space when they exploded at the end of their life cycles. The subsequent generation of stars that formed from the remnants of the prior generation then similarly forged almost 100 more elements.

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Here is the abstract from the paper:

Physical laws—such as the laws of motion, gravity, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics—codify the general behavior of varied macroscopic natural systems across space and time. We propose that an additional, hitherto-unarticulated law is required to characterize familiar macroscopic phenomena of our complex, evolving universe. An important feature of the classical laws of physics is the conceptual equivalence of specific characteristics shared by an extensive, seemingly diverse body of natural phenomena. Identifying potential equivalencies among disparate phenomena—for example, falling apples and orbiting moons or hot objects and compressed springs—has been instrumental in advancing the scientific understanding of our world through the articulation of laws of nature. A pervasive wonder of the natural world is the evolution of varied systems, including stars, minerals, atmospheres, and life. These evolving systems appear to be conceptually equivalent in that they display three notable attributes: 1) They form from numerous components that have the potential to adopt combinatorially vast numbers of different configurations; 2) processes exist that generate numerous different configurations; and 3) configurations are preferentially selected based on function. We identify universal concepts of selection—static persistence, dynamic persistence, and novelty generation—that underpin function and drive systems to evolve through the exchange of information between the environment and the system. Accordingly, we propose a “law of increasing functional information”: The functional information of a system will increase (i.e., the system will evolve) if many different configurations of the system undergo selection for one or more functions.

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Well, well, well, I like that highlighted sentence. That is precisely what FIML does. FIML practice affords partners numerous opportunities to examine and analyze how their communications actually function, and from that choose or learn how to improve their communicational and psychological functions, how to optimize them. FIML is an acronym that stands for Functional Interpersonal Meta Linguistics. Function or functionality is not just a buzz word. It describes an active dynamic process which, for sentient beings, is the stuff of experience. In this sense awareness and experience along with functionality can be understood as primary components of the universe and everything we know. Karma also describes a process of conscious functionality, each bit of which has consequence. It describes a dynamic, dramatic reality of being and becoming and is best not understood merely as a judgement of reality. ABN

Dem Silicon Valley billionaire wakes up to how amazing Trump was as President

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Well, duh, guys. You just figured out what ‘politics is the art of the possible‘ means. Also, Trump is a wonderful human being who lost money being president. You guys are very good at what you do (donations welcome) but clearly do not grasp how and why Trump speaks as he does. He is a master of American English who speaks bluntly and as truthfully as he is able. If you attack him, he will attack you. If you don’t attack him, he will not attack you. Everyone knows this. It’s a human thing and also a major American thing. Follow the law and no one will bother you (ideally). Follow the rules of American manners, and no one will attack you (ideally). Trump is a quintessential American politician who both reflects and embodies some of the deepest American values. That is why his supporters not only like his policies. We also like him. Man, has he earned it. ABN